ChemSub Online: The Free Web Portal and Information System on Chemical Substances from around the World: Glossary and Acronyms - Letter I.
Provides information about:
- Chemical Inventories: Chemical inventory, AICS, DSL NDSL, EINECS, ELINCS, IECSC, NLP, NZIoC, TSCA.
- Registry Number, EC Number (EINECS, ELINCS, NLP), Chemical Name, Molecular Formula, Structure Formula.
- TSCA: TSCA Inventory List, TSCA Compliance Guide, TSCA Inventory Database, Current TSCA Inventory, Need TSCA Chemical List, Find Tsca, U. S. TSCA Inventory List, Many research chemists use updated TSCA Tracker to find new chem names.
- REACH: REACH compliance, REACH & GHS, REACHsuite, EU REACH IT Solutions, IT solutions for managing REACH compliance.

- Chemical Super Lists and Inventories:
Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System (CCRIS),
European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS),
European List of Notified Chemical Substances (ELINCS),
Europan chemical Substances information System (ESIS),
Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB),
High Volume Industrial Chemical List (HVICL),
HSNO Chemical Classification and Information Database (CCID),
Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances Produced or Imported in China (IECSC),
Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA),
ChemBlink, EPA HPV Challenge, EPA HPVIS, EU HPV-LPV, HSNO CCID, TOXLINE.
- Chemicals and Chemistry: Formaldehyde, chemicals, chemical substances, chemistry, Baytouch Systems.
- GHS, Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals, Global harmonisiertes System zur Einstufung und Kennzeichnung von Chemikalien, SGH, Système général harmonisé de classification et d'étiquetage des produits chimiques, 化学品分类及标记全球协调制度, 化学品の分類および表示に関する世界調和システム.
- InChI, InChIKey, MOSFIJXAXDLOML-UHFFFAOYSA-N, smiles, IUPAC Name.

ChemSub Online: The Free Web Portal and Information System on Chemical Substances from around the World: Glossary and Acronyms - Letter I.
Provides information about:
- Chemical analysis, Dedicated Analytical Solutions for chemical analysis from Foss, Brewing Lab Services, Siebel Institute Lab Services Brewing Analytical Testing.
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- Endocrine disruptor, modulateur endocrinien, perturbateur endocrinien, endokrine disruptoren, 内分泌攪乱物質, 內分泌干擾素.
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ChemSub Online: The Free Web Portal and Information System on Chemical Substances from around the World: Glossary and Acronyms - Letter I.
Provides information about:
- Återvinning symbol, алкохол, гераниол, деканол, етилов алкохол, натриев пропионат, пентанол.
- エタプロコール, テオブロミン, 消毒用エタノール, 消毒用エタライト, 邻苯二甲酸酯.
- 5-diphenyl-1 4-pentadien-3-one, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, di-c6-8-branched alkyl esters, c7-rich, 1,6 hexanediol, 1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate, 1-pentanol, 2 метилбутан, 2,4-pentanedione, 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol, 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol, 2-methylpropanal, 3,7-dimethyl-6-octenal, 3-(diethylamino)cyclohex-3-enol, 3-methylbutanal, 4-butyrolactone, 7-methyltheophylline.
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IECSC:
Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances Produced or Imported in China.
 
IARC:
International Agency for Research on Cancer (France/International).
Centre international de Recherche sur le Cancer (CIRC).

The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) is part of the World Health Organization (WHO).

IARC's mission is to coordinate and conduct research on the causes of human cancer, the mechanisms of carcinogenesis, and to develop scientific strategies for cancer control. The Agency is involved in both epidemiological and laboratory research and disseminates scientific information through publications, meetings, courses, and fellowships.

A major goal of the IARC is the identification of causes of cancer, so that preventive measures may be adopted against them. The Governing Council has repeatedly stated that research dealing with treatment and other aspects of cancer patient care should not be a part of IARC’s mission, nor should the Agency be directly involved in the implementation of control measures, except in cases where it is necessary in order to assess the effectiveness of the mechanisms of carcinogenicity, or when the experimental intervention is needed to permit identification of causes. IARC does not deal in the formulation of policies or legislation aiming at controlling carcinogens either.

The main emphasis of research is on epidemiology, environmental carcinogenesis and research training. This emphasis reflects the generally accepted notion that 80% of all cancers are, directly or indirectly linked to environmental factors, and thus are preventable; second, the recent recognition of the fact that epidemiology may play an important part in cancer prevention and in the evaluation of prevention measures; lastly, the fact that geographical variations in cancer incidence almost certainly reflect differences in the environment and are therefore particularly well suited for international research efforts.

Epidemiological research is thus articulated along two areas: on the one hand, descriptive studies show the trends of cancer incidence and mortality in different populations and geographical areas and, on the other hand, analytical studies focus on the relationships between incidence and mortality and specific risk factors (diet, some professional exposures, etc.).

IARC is thus different from all other research institutes, in that it focuses its studies on human cancer and the relationships of man and his environment.

More information can be found on the IARC web site: http://www.iarc.fr/.
 
IC50:
Median immobilisation concentration or median inhibitory concentration 1.
 
ILSI:
International Life Sciences Institute.

Founded in 1978, the International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI) is a nonprofit, worldwide foundation that seeks to improve the well-being of the general public through the advancement of science. Its goal is to further the understanding of scientific issues relating to nutrition, food safety, toxicology, risk assessment, and the environment by bringing together scientists from academia, government, and industry. ILSI's work is guided by its Code of Ethics and Organizational Standards of Conduct.

ILSI is governed by a Board of Trustees composed of at least 50 percent public sector representatives, primarily academic scientists, and the remainder representatives of ILSI members. The Board elects officers, including a President and Chairman of the Board.

ILSI is recognized around the world for the quality of the research it supports, the global conferences and workshops it sponsors, the educational projects it initiates, and the publications it produces. ILSI is affiliated with the World Health Organization (WHO) as a non-governmental organization and is involved in projects with WHO's International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and the International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS). ILSI also has special consultative status with the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations. By bringing together scientists from academia, government, industry, and the public sector, ILSI is able to foster a balanced approach to solving health and environmental problems of common global concern.

More information can be found on the ILSI web site: http://www.ilsi.org/.
 
InChI:
IUPAC International Chemical Identifier.

Is a string of characters capable of uniquely representing a chemical substance. It is derived from a structural representation of that substance in a way designed to be independent of the way that the structure was drawn therefore ensuring that a compound will always produce the same identifier. InChI is fast becoming adopted by cheminformaticians around the world as a flexible structure exchange format.

The InChI provides unique labels for well-defined chemical substances. These labels are generated by converting an input chemical structure, in the form of a 'connection table', to a unique and predictable series of ASCII characters. The protocol offers a means of representing chemical compounds in a manner that does not depend on how they were drawn. Note that Identifiers are re- expressions of chemical structures, they are not registry or registration numbers and do not require access to a database. The facility was developed primarily as a means of 'naming' a compound in digital media although the Identifier is expressed as simple text that may be manually interpreted.

Derivation of the InChI from an input chemical structure proceeds through three steps:
1) normalization - all input information not needed for structure identification is discarded and structure information is divided into 'layers';
2) canonicalization - each atom is given a label that depends only on its position in the structure;
3) serialization - a string of characters, the Identifier, is generated from the canonical labels.
All 'chemical' rules are applied in the first step.

Version 1 of the InChI protocol and software was released on April 14th 2005. All documentation and software is available from the IUPAC InChI web site at http://www.iupac.org/inchi. The software runs under 32-bit Microsoft Windows Operating Systems. The main program, wInChI-1.exe, is a conventional Windows application, although a 'command line' version (cInChI-1.exe) and a version recompiled under i386 Linux without any changes are also available. The program takes an input structure and generates both graphical and text output in a form designed to allow critical examination of the InChI. The Identifier and associated text output may be parsed and annotated in either a simple plain text or XML (eXtensible Markup Language) format.

As structure input, the program currently accepts standard SDfiles, Molfiles, Chemical Markup Language(CML) files and its own output produced when "Full Auxiliary Information" option is selected. Input may originate from individual disk files or through the Windows clipboard. InChI may be also generated directly from an application programming interface (API). It is critical for the applicability of InChI that the code is stable, and that mutants do not arise.
 
Index Number (for Annex I):
Entries (i.e. substance/substances indicated by the same Index number) in Annex I of the EU Directive 67/548/EEC are listed according to the atomic number of the most characteristic element of the substances' properties.

The Index number for each substance is in the form of a digit sequence of the type ABC-RST-VW-Y, where:
- ABC is either the atomic number of the most characteristic chemical element (preceded by one or two zeros to make up the sequence) or the usual class number for organic substances (cf. Appendix I),
- RST is the consecutive number of the substance in the series ABC,
- VW denotes the form in which the substance is produced or placed on the market, and
- Y is the check-digit calculated in accordance with the ISBN (International Standard Book Number) method.
 
Inherent biodegradability tests:
Tests inoculated with a high concentration of microorganisms carried out under aerobic conditions in which biodegradation rate and/ or extent are measured.

The test procedures offer a higher chance of detecting biodegradation compared to tests for ready biodegradability and therefore if an inherent test is negative this could indicate the potential for environmental persistence.
 
Intermediate:
A substance that is manufactured for and consumed in or used for chemical processing in order to be transformed into another substance (hereafter called synthesis ):

(a) non-isolated intermediate means an intermediate that during synthesis is not intentionally removed (except for sampling) from the equipment in which the synthesis takes place. Such equipment includes the reaction vessel, its ancillary equipment, and any equipment through which the substance(s) pass(es) during a continuous flow or batch process as well as the pipe work for transfer from one vessel to another for the purpose of the next reaction step, but it excludes tanks or other vessels in which the substance(s) are stored after the manufacture.
(b) on-site isolated intermediate means an intermediate not meeting the criteria of a nonisolated intermediate and where the manufacture of the intermediate and the synthesis of (an)other substance(s) from that intermediate take place on the same site, operated by one or more legal entities.
(c) transported isolated intermediate means an intermediate not meeting the criteria of a non-isolated intermediate and transported between or supplied to other sites.
 
IPCS:
International Programme on Chemical Safety.

The International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), established in 1980, is a joint programme of three Cooperating Organizations - ILO, UNEP and WHO, implementing activities related to chemical safety. WHO is the Executing Agency of the IPCS, whose main roles are to establish the scientific basis for safe use of chemicals, and to strengthen national capabilities and capacities for chemical safety.
 
IS:
Information System.
 
ISO:
International Organisation for Standardization.
 
IT:
Information Technology.
 
ITS:
Integrated Testing Strategy.
 
IUCLID:
International Uniform ChemicaL Information Database.

Is the basic tool for the data collection and evaluation in the frame of the European Risk Assessment Programme on Existing Substances.
 
IUPAC:
International Union for Pure Applied Chemistry.
Union internationale de chimie pure et appliquée.
 
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